Dashboard — Pumps

Current (I)

A current above the rated value causes winding overheating and accelerates insulation ageing. On a centrifugal pump this often indicates a hydraulic overload (excessive flow, dense fluid) or a mechanical issue (worn bearings, jammed impeller).

Voltage (V)

Too low a voltage reduces torque and may prevent starting under load. Too high a voltage saturates the magnetic core and increases losses. The standard tolerance is ±10 % of the rated voltage.

Phase-to-phase voltage (V L-L)

A phase imbalance greater than 1–2 % generates negative-sequence currents that produce a braking torque and excessive heat in the rotor. This is a common cause of premature failure in three-phase motors.

Phase angle (φ)

Angle between voltage and current. The larger φ is, the less efficiently the power drawn from the grid is used. A high phase angle indicates a strongly inductive load (lightly loaded motor or long cables).

Power factor (cos φ)

Ratio of active power to apparent power. A cos φ below 0.8 means the grid is carrying a large amount of "wasted" current, increasing line losses. Centrifugal pumps running at light load often have a degraded cos φ.

Active power (P — kW)

Power actually converted into mechanical work (pump rotation). This is the key parameter for calculating energy consumption and detecting overload. P = V × I × cos φ × √3 (three-phase).